No celebration is complete without flowers. Roses are given on especially solemn occasions when it is necessary to emphasize the significance of the event. Sometimes the color of roses is chosen deliberately so that the hero of the occasion understands the feelings of the giver. This article discusses what the red color of roses means, how to care for them, which varieties are the most popular.

This garden culture comes from Syria and Babylon, from where it was brought further to China, Rome, Greece, India. Now this plant is cultivated in almost all countries of the world. The meaning of the rose stems from the distant past: in ancient Rome, it was considered a symbol of courage and selflessness, in the Victorian era - love, passion, friendship.

Red roses

According to their characteristics, all roses, including red ones, are combined into several groups. The main ones are: park, floribunda, tea-hybrid, shrub, climbing, miniature, ground cover, patio. Roses are divided according to the following criteria:

  • the height and shape of the bush;
  • leaf structure;
  • color, size, shape, doubleness of the flower;
  • duration and abundance of flowering.

Red and scarlet rose colors are considered symbols of love. These shades, like no others, are able to convey an impulse of feelings: red and scarlet roses are given to beloved ones to express sublime love and affection. Giving these flowers at a business meeting speaks of congratulations on success.

Additional Information!In our traditions, it is considered bad form to give an even number of flowers, but in most countries it is customary to give bouquets with paired flowers.

Description

Roses are deciduous shrubs that do not have a main trunk. In height, they vary from 10-15 cm (dwarf) to 2 m. Liana-like forms of this shrub can reach a height of 10 m. Their shoots are annual, with a high regenerative capacity.

The leaves of roses are complex, with a matte or glossy surface. Their color ranges from light to dark green. The root system is pivotal, with lateral branches, on which, in turn, thin roots are located.

Compound rose leaves

When the shoot has developed well, buds begin to form. An indicator of the good condition of the rose is the annual growth of the shoots. The more of them, the more the plant has the ability to form buds and flowers.

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The most popular red roses from different garden groups:

  • Lady Rose. This hybrid tea variety of scarlet rose was created in Germany in 1979. The bush grows up to 1 m, it has dark green glossy leaves, scarlet rose flowers, about 12 cm in diameter. They look spectacular in buds and half-release. The bush blooms throughout the summer and autumn until frost.
  • William Shakespeare 2000 - the variety is not allocated into a separate group, belongs to the shraba class. It is a tall shrub with velvety red flowers turning into bright purples. According to David Austin, who bred the variety in 1987 and refined it in 2000, it is the best red rose flower in the world.
  • Flammentanz is one of the best varieties of climbing red roses. This variety has very large double flowers with a slight aroma. The bush grows up to 3 m, blooms in May-June.
  • Niccolo Paganini is a French variety belonging to the floribunda group. This is a bush about 60 cm high with bright red medium-sized (up to 8 cm) flowers. On the shoot, they are collected in inflorescences of 8-12 pcs. The bushes are very compact, they can be planted in a flower bed and combined with other green spaces.
  • Scarlet is a low (up to 50 cm) spreading bush belonging to the group of ground cover. Its leaves are dark, glossy. It blooms all summer and autumn with deep red double flowers.
  • Marsel Pagnol. This variety, which belongs to the Grandiflora group, is one of the best-selling varieties in the world. It was bred in France in 1994, the height of the bush reaches 125 cm, width - 1 m. Blood-red, velvety large inflorescences are beautiful even in full dissolution.
  • Baby Baccara - patio roses. These are small bushes (up to 60 cm) with a large number of red inflorescences up to 6 cm in diameter. They are used for bordering flower beds, planted in containers to decorate the local area. Bloom all season.
  • Red Rugostar is a garden decoration belonging to the Rugosa rose group (wrinkled rose). It is a low spreading bush (60-70cm) with dark green foliage and bright red flowers. Used as a fence, hedge.
  • Alfred Colomb - refers to polyanthus (multi-flowered) roses. This variety has large flowers, double, spherical, carmine-red. The bushes are tall, beautifully combined with white plantings.
  • Sophia Loren is a hybrid tea variety, bred in Germany in 1966 and is still popular today. The size of the rich scarlet color of the buds reaches 12 cm in dissolution. The stem is powerful, erect, the leaf is velvety green. A light floral scent emanates from the buds.

Growing

Scarlet roses

Red rose is a heat-loving flower, planted in a sunny area, protected from drafts. Groundwater at this location should not come close to the surface. The soil is loamy, rich in organic matter.

In open ground, the rose is planted in spring and autumn. A pit for planting is dug 60 × 60 cm in size. Drainage is laid on its bottom, consisting of a fine fraction of stones, expanded clay.

The rose is planted in a sunny area

Before planting, the roots are slightly trimmed, but the small branches remain. Shoots are also shortened to 10-15 cm. Each shoot should have several buds, weak shoots are cut off. Depending on the variety, the distance between seedlings is maintained within the range from 0.5 m to 1.2 m.

Note!To prevent the roots of the rose from drying out during planting, they are dipped in a mixture of cow dung and clay (1: 2).

Reproduction

Dutch roses

There are several ways to breed roses at home.

Cuttings

A lignified or semi-lignified shoot with several buds is cut off, its lower edge is soaked in a growth enhancer solution, the next day it is planted in the ground. Then he is satisfied with the conditions of a mini-greenhouse, covering it with a transparent, non-breathable material. After a while, the cutting will take root and the next year will be ready for transplantation.

Propagation by cuttings

Layers

It is easy to propagate long-stemmed roses this way. A shallow hole is prepared in advance, into which the shoot fits. Then it is pinned with wire, earth is poured on top. The next year, the cutting is cut from the mother bush and planted separately.

Care

In order for roses to please with their flowering for a long time, it is necessary to properly care for them. Care is manifested in regular watering, loosening the soil, killing weeds, mulching with peat or sawdust.

Important!To prevent roses from wasting energy on the formation of fruits, faded buds must be removed regularly.

Diseases, pests, control of them

The most common rose diseases are fungal. They are most often associated with improper care: too dense planting of bushes, excessive moisture in the soil or aboveground part of the plant. At the first manifestations of the disease, rose bushes must be treated with antifungal drugs.

Aphid

Such pests as aphids, rose sawfly, click beetle, spider mite can take a fancy to a rose. When found, the bushes are sprayed with insecticides and acaricides.

With proper care, a red rose bud can decorate any summer cottage or backyard plot.The rose will look spectacular against the background of the lawn, planted alone, as well as in group plantings. In addition, it is also used as a cutting material.