Today there is a great abundance of technical and table grape varieties, each of which has an individual set of properties. Many winegrowers prefer grapes with excellent taste and attractive appearance in order not only to enjoy healthy tasty fruits themselves, but also to sell them. It will be about one of these representatives - a hybrid grape variety Baikonur.
Description and characteristics of the variety
The Baikonur grape variety belongs to vigorous plants that grow powerful shoots in a relatively short time interval. Almost any grape variety can be used for grafting.
There are no recommendations regarding the formation of the bush, experiments are still being carried out. Bisexual flowers form on the bushes. Thanks to this, pollination can be achieved without much effort. Throughout all the years, the growth of peas in bunches was not observed.
The Baikonur variety is one of the early ripening varieties. From the beginning of the growing season, the crop can be harvested after 110-115 days. You can eat the first berries already at the end of July, and left on the bush, they can persist until late autumn.
Baikonur fruit
Ripe bunches have an attractive appearance. The berries are characterized by needle-like outlines due to the fact that they stick out on the sides. The bunch has a cylindrical-conical or cylindrical shape. The structure of the fruit is medium-friable or loose, the density is moderate. Under optimal growing conditions and compliance with all the rules of agricultural technology, the weight of each bunch can vary from 0.5 to 1 kg.
Optimal loads on the grape bush have not yet been established. It is highly recommended to monitor the condition of the vine. The variety bears fruit abundantly. If in the current year the weight of each bunch is less than 0.5 kg, then in the coming year it is necessary to reduce the load. During one growing season, the vine is able to ripen completely. In 2-3 years, the height of the shoots can reach 4 meters. The grapes are developing rapidly and are able to provide the harvest with nutrients, growing wood.
The variety has good resistance to fungal diseases. Resistance to mildew and powdery mildew is rated at 3 points. To prevent the development of such diseases, it is imperative to follow all the rules of agricultural technology and carry out preventive treatments.
In places with unfavorable climatic conditions, it is recommended to cover the plants for the winter. As a rule, the vines calmly endure the winter, since they are able to withstand a drop in temperature to -23 degrees.
Agrotechnics
The optimal place for planting a seedling is sunny and calm. It is desirable that there are buildings near the south side that will protect the bushes from the wind. The plant is unpretentious to soils, it does not take root only on clay soils.
Pits should be prepared according to the following requirements:
- Observe an interval of at least three meters between holes.
- The row spacing must be at least 4 meters.
- The depth of the pit is about 0.8 meters (part of the hole will be occupied by drainage, soil and organic, mineral fertilizers).
Preparing the pit before planting grapes
Baikonur grape care can be called traditional.
- It is recommended to water the plant in the spring before the flowering of the crop, as well as during the period of drought and the formation of the ovary. After each abundant watering, mulching with organic materials should be done. This will protect the plant from cold temperatures and diseases.
- Regularly fruiting plants need regular feeding. Potash-phosphorus fertilizers, rotted humus, nitrogenous compounds are used as fertilizers.
- It is advisable to prune long. Old foliage must be carefully collected and burned.
- When preparing for the winter, the bushes must be covered, regardless of the weather conditions that are expected. For the construction of the "greenhouse" use a film.
- It is recommended to carry out regular preventive irrigation, thanks to which it will be possible to reduce the likelihood of developing fungal, infectious and viral diseases, as well as attacks of insect pests.
Advantages and disadvantages
The Baikonur grape has a large list of advantageous features that more than cover the disadvantages. Actually, thanks to its merits, the variety has become so popular among agronomists in Ukraine, Russia and other post-Soviet countries. Main advantages:
- The attractive appearance of the fruits, which allows them to be sold.
- Excellent taste of Baikonur grapes, as well as large fruits.
- Varietal grapes are early maturing.
- Thanks to the dense peel, it is possible to store the fruits for a long time, as well as to transport them over long distances.
- Vinograd Baikonur became famous due to the presence of bisexual flowers, which simplifies the process of pollination, excluding the likelihood of the beginning of pea bunches.
- Berries do not crack even with sudden temperature changes. This is due to the presence of a dense rind.
- The crop was not affected by wasps.
- Resistant to fungal diseases such as gray mold, powdery mildew and powdery mildew.
- High indicators of frost resistance, the vine is able to withstand frosts down to -23 degrees. Thanks to this feature, the Baikonur grapes are grown in the Moscow region on an industrial scale.
Respected experts are of the opinion that Baikonur is one of the best hybrid forms today.
Despite the large number of advantages, alas, there are also disadvantages. Firstly, this hybrid variety is relatively young and is still poorly studied; it has not been established in which formations the bushes bear fruit more abundantly. For some winegrowers, the presence of seeds in the berries may be a disadvantage. This variety can have from one to three. During use, they are practically not felt, and all thanks to their small size.
Without exaggeration, the Baikonur grape is one of the best grape varieties. Even a novice agronomist can grow it.
