Repair of cultivators

With intensive use of cultivators, various breakdowns can occur. The article discusses the reasons that could lead to this and the possibilities for self-repair of such devices.

What is a cultivator

These are devices that are used for soil cultivation. They are manual or those with a motor. The main purpose of use is loosening the soil. Some other functions may be performed depending on the model. With their help, it is possible to level the soil, dig out crops or remove weeds.

What is a cultivator

Varieties

Motorized cultivators are divided into three main groups:

1. The smallest of them have a weight that does not exceed 30 kg. They are intended for use on plots with an area not exceeding 12 acres. Most of these cultivators work using electricity.
2. More powerful devices are designed to work in areas ranging from 10 to 50 acres. Models with a gasoline engine are used here. The weight of such cultivators is 50-90 kg. Their weight allows you to work on hard enough soil.
3. For those plots, the size of which exceeds 50 acres, even more powerful cultivators are needed. Devices that fall into this category usually weigh over 90 kg. They can be completed with additional modules, which significantly expands functionality.

How to choose the right one

For the treatment of small summer cottages, the most suitable option would be to use a mechanism powered by an electric motor.

It should be borne in mind that an important characteristic of the walk-behind tractor is the coverage width. It is determined by the width of the rotating roller with blades for cultivating the ground. It is also called a cutter. If the site has a complex relief, it will be necessary in some cases to use cutters of different widths.

Using electric cultivators is much more convenient than using gasoline cultivators. They are virtually silent and require no maintenance. However, using them, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of recharging.

How to choose the right one

Those that run on a gasoline engine are more powerful. It is more difficult to work with such cultivators than with electric ones. However, gas powered cultivators are good at handling heavy clay soils and are suitable for almost any size.

Common breakdowns and repairs

The need to repair arises when the existing operating rules are violated. When they are performed, breakage can occur, most likely, from wear of parts.

Does not start

In this case, the reason why the cultivators need to be repaired is a malfunction in the fuel system. Other signs may also indicate this:

1. The engine starts, but even at idle it runs unevenly.
2. The cultivator begins to smoke.
3. You can see drops of fluid from the muffler.
4. As soon as the load increases, the motor stalls immediately after that.

In order to carry out self-repair of motor cultivators and cope with this problem, you need to do the following:

1. Check the condition of the air filter first. To do this, simply inspect it.It so happens that there are bird feathers, the remains of straw and other debris on it. This could be the cause of the problem. You need to replace it with a spare and start the engine again.
2. If the situation cannot be remedied, the fuel filter must be ventilated.
3. After that, it is recommended to wipe the carburetor with acetone. Then you need to visually assess the free travel of the throttle valve.
4. Then the reliability of the fuel line connections is checked.
5. Now comes the turn to check the piston system. It needs to be disassembled, wiped thoroughly and then assembled.
6. It is necessary to estimate the free movement of the piston shaft. To do this, you need to scroll it manually using a key. In this case, it is necessary to make sure that there is free movement of the shaft and the correct operation of the valve system.
7. Now you will need to pour oil into the engine.

To check the health of the device, you need to see how it will idle. It is recommended that before starting the cultivator, if necessary, add oil again.

Common breakdowns

Buried in the ground

Sometimes motion instability can be observed. To determine what to do when a cultivator is buried in the ground, you need to understand why this is happening. This is usually due to uneven inflation of air into the wheels, different tire wear or improper attachment of the suspension device, which is not difficult to fix.

Engine

Here is a list of the most likely engine-related cultivator malfunctions. They can be divided into the following main groups:

1. A situation when it is necessary to troubleshoot the engine fuel system. This, in particular, occurs if the carburetor is clogged, the fuel line is torn or clogged, or the fuel pump has broken down.
2. Electrical system malfunction. This is usually due to the fact that the ignition system stops working normally.
3. Some breakdowns can relate to the mechanical system of the cultivator: to the piston system, gearbox or to its other components.
4. Troubles can happen if the filters are clogged.
5. The last category includes the use of low-quality gasoline for refueling the engine.

When the cultivator does not start, the reason is one of the reasons listed here.

Repair of cultivators

Carburetor

If the device does not start, then the likely cause is poor fuel flow.

One of the possible reasons for this could be a faulty carburetor.

First, you need to determine if gasoline is coming here. To do this, press the button on the float chamber or disconnect the fuel hose. If at the same time fuel spills out of the chamber cover, everything is in order, fuel is supplied. This means that the reason is in the carburetor itself, and it must be cleaned.

If after that the motor starts normally, it means that this was the cause of the malfunction.

Sometimes it is enough to adjust the carburetor of the cultivator.

Reducer

Sometimes the cultivator makes too much noise during operation. To repair the gearbox of a motor cultivator, you need to find the cause of the problem. One of the probable reasons for this could be a defective gearbox. Sometimes the problem occurs due to a lack of oil. In this case, you need to top up it, and the noise is likely to decrease.

Another reason may be faulty oil seals. You need to check them and, if necessary, use spare parts for cultivators. This problem can occur as a result of excessive wear or if they have been incorrectly installed.

The most common malfunctions of motor cultivators

Reverse

The reverse circuit on the Mole cultivator was not provided for on the early models. This has in some cases reduced the performance of the device.The lack of such an opportunity negatively affected the work with various suspension devices: a snow blower, a trolley, a mower, and others.

The manufacturer has modernized the cultivator, equipping it with a reverse function, which significantly increased the mobility of this device.

A similar opportunity is available in French-made Cayman cultivators.

In the DDE Hulk cultivator, the transmission device allows you to have not one, but two reverse speeds.

Drive belt

This part is designed to transmit torque from the engine crankshaft to the cultivator working unit. The drive belt is one of the most vulnerable parts of the cultivator.

It is designed to perform functions:

1. Transfer of rotation from the motor to the gear shaft.
2. Corrects the amount of load when switching operating modes.
3. Provides the ability to stop and then resume the movement of the cultivator without turning off the motor.

If the drive belt is damaged or torn, it must be replaced. However, oil contamination or sagging may be the cause of the malfunction. In these cases, it is sufficient to eliminate the existing cause of the problem.

Heavy electric cultivator

Cultivator maintenance

Here are a few rules to help you maintain your cultivators and keep your tiller in good working order:

1. The cultivator is run-in immediately after purchase. For this, it is turned on without load for several hours. Then it is used for 20 hours in the minimum mode.
2. You need to change the oil on time. Even if it is of high quality, it has its own lifespan. If not changed, it will become useless over time.
3. To carry out maintenance on the cultivator, you need to regularly inspect the cultivator paws. Debris can get stuck in its working elements, so you need to clean them regularly.
4. If this device has not worked for a long time, then before starting to use it is necessary to inspect the engine and fill in new oil. Checking and adjusting the cultivator must be carried out in accordance with the instructions for this model.
5. It is necessary to start the engine so many times so that the carburetor remains empty after finishing work.
6. Some people ask themselves whether it is necessary to sharpen the cutters on a motor cultivator. You can do this, but they will quickly become dull. Many people work on this device without sharpening.
7. Parts of the cultivator that move and are subject to friction must be oiled.
8. It is recommended to wipe the parts of the cultivator daily with a cloth moistened with a little gasoline.
9. If any part of the device deteriorates or breaks, it is recommended to replace it by contacting the service of the motor cultivators.

The device of engines of Daewoo motor-cultivators and the repairs that they need are described in detail in the corresponding technical manual.

If there is a need for a simple repair, then in most cases you can fix the problem yourself. However, if technical difficulties arise, it is best to contact the repair service specialists.